Frameless stereotactic for deep brain stimulation placement: operative technique.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been shown to be a safe and effective method for the treatment of refractory Parkinson's disease and other movement disorders. Traditionally, frame-based stereotactic have been the standard technique commonly used for DBS surgery. With the development of image-guided neurosurgical systems, frameless stereotactic has been increasingly used for tumor resection or biopsy without the use of stereotactic frame. Frameless stereotactic for functional surgery has been recently developed with the accuracy comparable to frame-based stereotactic surgery. The authors report the surgical technique of frameless functional stereotactic for the treatment of movement disorders.